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Taichi Kawazoe

Indirect Materials/Neutral Elements under the FTA

2019-09-13 By Taichi Kawazoe

“Neutral elements” or “Indirect materials” means goods used in the production,
testing or inspection of goods but not physically incorporated into the goods,
or goods used in the maintenance of buildings or the operation of equipment
associated with the production of goods, including:
(a) energy and fuel;
(b) plant and equipment;
(c) tools, dies, machines and molds;
(d) parts and materials used in the maintenance of plant, equipment and buildings;
(e) goods which do not enter into the final composition of the product;
(f) gloves, glasses, footwear, clothing, safety equipment, and supplies; and
(g) equipment, devices, and supplies used for testing or inspecting the goods.

 

Those are called “indirect materials” in the NAFTA and TPP legislation and
“neutral elements” in the ATIGA and PAN-EURO-MED origin legislations.

Despite the different approach to the origin rule for “neutral elements” in the
PAN-EURO-MED and the ATIGA origin legislations and “indirect materials” in the
NAFTA and TPP origin legislations, it is considered that there is no difference in
the practical application of these rules.

Example:
A part is manufactured in a plant in country A. It is to be exported to country B under A-B FTA.
The rule of origin for this part requires non-originating materials not to exceed 40% of the
final value of the part.
Machines used to manufacture the part, spare parts used in the maintenance of these
machines and the fuel used to run these machines are all originating in a non-FTA third country C.
Similarly, the safety equipment and protective clothing used by the factory workers come from
non-FTA countries.
While calculating the value added rule of origin, the non-originating machines, spare parts used to
maintain them, fuel, safety equipment and protective clothing are disregarded or
calculated as originating (depending on the agreement).

Comparison of Indirect Materials/Neutral Elements

NAFTA and TPP origin legislations
The machines, tools, equipment or other goods not incorporated into the final product are
considered to be “originating materials”, meaning that they are taken into account as originating
elements for the calculation of the regional value content. The use of such materials has no
negative implications for origin determination of change in tariff classification rules since they
are considered as “originating input”.

ATIGA and PAN-EURO-MED origin legislations
It is not necessary to determine the origin of the machines, tools, equipment and other goods
not incorporated in the final product since such elements can be disregarded for origin
determination purposes.

Indirect Materials/Neutral Elements

Retrieved from:Comparative Study on Preferential Rules of Origin

Filed Under: General

HS Classification for “Sets”

2019-09-12 By Taichi Kawazoe

Goods put up in sets, consisting of two or more separate constituents,
that are  classified in one single heading in accordance with
Rule 3 of the General Rules for the Interpretation (GIRs) of the Harmonized System,
often pose problems to customs insofar as such sets are to be classified according to
the component which gives the set its essential character.

Where the constituents of a set have various origins, this may also pose problems for the
determination of the origin of the set.

Some origin legislations (e.g. NAFTA and ATIGA origin systems) do not mention “sets” at all,
subsuming the origin determination implicitly under the issue of classification according
with the Harmonized System GIRs, whereas other origin legislations deal with this topic in a
separate article (e.g. PAN-EURO-MED and TPP origin systems).

In the PAN-EURO-MED origin system, sets shall be regarded as originating when all
components are originating. Sets comprising originating and non-originating constituents may
also be considered originating provided that the value of the non-originating constituents does
not exceed 15% of the ex-works price of the whole set
(Article 9 of the PAN-EURO-MED origin legislation).

In the TPP Agreement, where a set is classified by application of GIR 3(a) or (b), the originating
status of the set is determined in accordance with the product specific rule of origin that applies
to the set, while where the set is classified by application of GIR 3(c), the set is originating if
each constituent in the set is originating and both the set and the constituents meet other
applicable requirements of Chapter 3 (Article 3.17).

Sets comprising originating and nonoriginating materials may be regarded as originating
as long as the value of the non-originating goods in the set does not exceed 10% of the
value of the set.

Comparison of “Sets”

Here is comparison of “Sets” in the ATIGA, the NAFTA, the PAN-EURO-MED and
the TPP origin systems

HS Classification for "Sets"

Retrieved from:Comparative Study on Preferential Rules of Origin

GRIs for “Sets”

GRI 1

Classification of merchandise under the HS is in accordance with the
General Rules of Interpretation (GRI’s).

GRI 1 provides that classification is determined according to the terms of the
headings and any relative section or chapter notes.

In certain areas of the HS, sets are specifically mentioned by name.
The only requirements which are to be followed when dealing with a GRI 1 set
are those mentioned in the particular HS provisions describing the set,
relevant chapter and section notes, and the relevant Explanatory Notes (ENs)1.

Sets may appear in the heading text, such as electric generating sets of
heading 8502, HS, or in a subheading text, such as sets of kitchenware of
subheadings 8215.10 and 8215.20, HS.

For subheading sets, GRI 6 applies GRI 1 by requiring that only subheadings
at the same level are comparable. Sets may appear in legal notes, as in chapter 62,
note 3, HS, in which are described sets of garments known as suits and
ensembles, classified in headings 6203 and 6204, HS. Sets may be mentioned
only in the ENs to a particular heading. The rules with regard to GRI 3(b) sets,
discussed below, do not apply to GRI 1 sets.

Taking the kitchenware example mentioned above, subheadings 8215.10.00 and
8215.20.00, HS, provide for sets of assorted articles which are described by
heading 8215, HS. The relevant provisions are as follows:

Chapter 82, note 3, HS, and EN 82.15 describe the types of sets to be included in
heading 8215, HS. See HQ 959713, dated May 6, 1997, for an example of how
we classify goods in the provisions of the set of heading 8215, HS.

In that ruling, we held that barbecue utensils, consisting of a fork, spatula, tongs, and
brush, constitute a GRI 1 set under subheading 8215.20.00, HS, as other sets of
kitchen or tableware articles.

GRI 3(B)

The provisions involved in this discussion are as follows:

GRI 3(b)
Mixtures, composite goods consisting of different materials or made up of
different components, and goods put up in sets for retail sale, which cannot be
classified by reference to 3(a), shall be classified as if they consisted of the
material or component which gives them their essential character, insofar as this
criterion is applicable.

EN (VIII) to GRI 3(b)
The factor which determines essential character will vary as between different
kinds of goods. It may, for example, be determined by the nature of the material
or component, its bulk, quantity, weight or value, or by the role of a constituent
material in relation to the use of the goods.

EN (X) to GRI 3(b)
For the purposes of this Rule, the term “goods put up in sets for retail sale” shall
be taken to mean goods which:

(a) consist of at least two different articles which are, prima facie, classifiable in
different headings. Therefore, for example, six fondue forks cannot be regarded
as a set within the meaning of this Rule;

(b) consist of products or articles put up together to meet a particular need or
carry out a specific activity; and

(c) are put up in a manner suitable for sale directly to users without repacking
(e.g., in boxes or cases or on boards).
The term therefore covers sets consisting, for example, of different foodstuffs
intended to be used together in the preparation of a ready-to-eat dish or meal.
Examples of sets which can be classified by reference to Rule 3 (b) are:

(1)

(a) Sets consisting of a sandwich made of beef, with or without cheese, in
a bun (heading 16.02), packaged with potato chips (French fries)
(heading 20.04):
Classification in heading 16.02.

(b) Sets, the components of which are intended to be used together in the
preparation of a spaghetti meal, consisting of a packet of uncooked
spaghetti (heading 19.02), a sachet of grated cheese (heading 04.06)
and a small tin of tomato sauce (heading 21.03), put up in a carton:
Classification in heading 19.02.
The Rule does not, however, cover selections of products put up together and
consisting, for example, of:
– a can of shrimps (heading 16.05), a can of pâté de foie (heading 16.02), a
can of cheese (heading 04.06), a can of sliced bacon (heading 16.02), and a
can of cocktail sausages (heading 16.01); or
– a bottle of spirits of heading 22.08 and a bottle of wine of heading 22.04.
In the case of these two examples and similar selections of products, each item
is to be classified separately in its own appropriate heading.

(2) Hairdressing sets consisting of a pair of electric hair clippers (heading
85.10), a comb (heading 96.15), a pair of scissors (heading 82.13), a brush
(heading 96.03) and a towel of textile material (heading 63.02), put up in a
leather case (heading 42.02):
Classification in heading 85.10.

(3) Drawing kits comprising a ruler (heading 90.17), a disc calculator (heading
90.17), a drawing compass (heading 90.17), a pencil (heading 96.09) and a
pencil-sharpener (heading 82.14), put up in a case of plastic sheeting
(heading42.02):
Classification in heading 90.17.

For the sets mentioned above, the classification is made according to the
component, or components taken together, which can be regarded as
conferring on the set as a whole its essential character.

As EN (X) to GRI 3(b) states, for a group of articles to qualify as a set under GRI
3(b), it must meet three requirements:

(1) consist of at least two different articles which are, prima facie, classifiable
in different headings;

(2) consist of products or articles put up together to meet a particular need or
carry out a specific activity; and

(3) be put up in a manner suitable for sale directly to users without repacking.

If these requirements are met, all articles in the set are classified in the provision
for the article among them that gives the set its essential character.
Because of requirements (1) and (3) are more easily determined and success in
finding a valid set under GRI 3(b) hinges to a large extent on the application of
requirement (2), we will limit our discussion to issues involving the language
contained therein and not discuss requirements (1) and (3) in this publication.

Filed Under: General

Accounting Segregation/Fungible Goods and Materials

2019-09-11 By Taichi Kawazoe

If manufacturers use originating and non-originating materials – even if
these are identical and interchangeable – under normal circumstances,
they are required to stock those materials separately to allow tracing back of
the different origins of materials used in the production of goods.

This ensures that only originating input is used for the manufacturing of
originating goods intended for export under preferences.

The requirement to stock originating and non-originating input material separately
may represent a huge financial burden for the manufactures.
Therefore, provisions on accounting segregation/fungible goods and materials offer
the possibility to use accounting methods to determine the different origins of input
materials or goods which are identical and interchangeable, without any obligation to
physically segregate stocks of non-originating and originating materials or goods.

Accounting Segregation/Fungible Goods and Materials

Retrieved from:WCO ORIGIN COMPENDIUM

The method is called “Identical and Interchangeable Materials” in the ATIGA context,
“Accounting Segregation” in the PAN-EURO-MED origin system and “Fungible Goods
and Materials” in the NAFTA and TPP context.

In all four origin legislations the physical mix of non-originating and originating input
materials are limited to ‘fungible’ commodities,
i.e. commodities which are identical and interchangeable.

In the European and the ASEAN origin legislations the application of this method is
limited to materials and not allowed for finished products whereas in the NAFTA and
TPP contexts there are no such distinctions.

According to the NAFTA legislation the use of accounting methods to distinguish
originating and non-originating commodities in the manufacture of originating goods
is permitted. The same applies to the TPP Agreement and it states that the inventory
management selected should be applied throughout the year, however in the
PAN-EURO-MED origin system there is the requirement for a specific authorization by
the customs authorities for the use of such a method and the use of the method is
limited to such cases where keeping separate stocks of originating and non-originating
materials would result in considerable costs or material difficulties.
Such preconditions are not required in the ATIGA, the NAFTA and the TPP contexts.

Comparison of “Accounting Segregation/Fungible Goods and Materials”

Retrieved from:Comparative Study on Preferential Rules of Origin

Related Study Module on “Accounting Segregation/Fungible Goods”

This study module aims to compare and analyse the features of Rules of Origin (ROO)
provisions of the selected 47 Free Trade Agreements (FTA). This module intends to sort out
the types of various topics of ROO provisions.
The following table is the comparison of accounting segregation / fungible goods in the
selected FTAs.

Retrieved from:Comparative Study on Preferential Rules of Origin

Filed Under: General

Roll-Up principle for Intermediate Material

2019-09-10 By Taichi Kawazoe

The “absorption” or “roll-up principle” allows intermediate products to maintain
their originating status when they are used for subsequent manufacturing operations.

The part of all non-originating inputs contained in the intermediate product is
disregarded when assessing the origin of the final good.

This means that if a material which contains non-originating input(s) satisfies the
applicable origin criterion and has acquired originating status, the entire material is
treated as originating when assessing the origin of the subsequently produced good:

The feature of Roll-Up principle

1.the value of the non-originating inputs contained in intermediate materials which have
acquired originating status is counted as originating content in the calculation of value
added criteria;

2.the non-originating parts or materials contained in intermediate materials are not
considered when assessing whether a product-specific rule based on a change of tariff
classification is fulfilled; or

3.the manufacturing processes of non-originating inputs contained in the intermediate
materials are not taken into account when assessing the specific manufacturing or
processing criteria.

The absorption or roll-up principle makes origin rules less restrictive, allowing the use of more
non-originating inputs than are permitted in product-specific rules.

Whereas the absorption or roll-up principle attenuates the restrictiveness of rules of origin for
manufacturing processes within one contracting party of a free trade area, cumulation offers the
same principles to manufacturing processes across contracting parties.

Exsample of Roll-Up principle

Roll-Up principle for Intermediate Material

Retrieved from:Comparative Study on Preferential Rules of Origin

The example illustrates how the absorption or roll-up principle works:
A product produced in company A fulfills the origin criterion which requires that 60 % of the
value of the good be added in the free trade area (40 % of the value of the final product maybe
non-originating).
The product is further used as an intermediate material for the subsequent manufacturing of
another good in company B. The absorption or roll-up principle allows the entire good
(from company A) is considered originating when assessing the originating status of the final
product.

Let us assume that the product-specific rule for the product manufactured in company B also
requires that 60 % of the value of the product be added in the free trade area. The intermediate
material is considered to be 100 % originating and it is, therefore, possible to use 40 % of
non-originating materials in the manufacturing of the final product. In this way, the final
product may in practice contain non-originating input of 64 % of the value of the final product,
despite the fact that the origin rule limits non-originating input to 40 % of the value of the
final product.

 

The absorption or roll-up principle is extensively used in the PAN-EURO-MED context. The
NAFTA legislation also uses the absorption principle, but applies it in a more restrictive manner,
limiting it to the purposes of calculating the regional value content and furthermore excluding its
application in the automotive sector. The TPP Agreement allows for the use of the absorption
or roll-up principle in its general regime-wide origin context. There is no absorption or roll-up
principle in the ATIGA origin system.

Comparision of Roll-Up principle

Here is comparison of “Absorption or Roll-Up Principle/Intermediate Material” in
the ATIGA, the NAFTA, the PAN-EURO-MED and the TPP origin systems

Roll-Up principle for Intermediate Material

Retrieved from:Comparative Study on Preferential Rules of Origin

This study module aims to compare and analyze the features of Rules of Origin (ROO)
provisions of the selected 47 Free Trade Agreements (FTA). This module intends to sort out
the types of various topics of ROO provisions.
The following table is the comparison of the absorption or roll-up principle/intermediate
the material in the selected FTAs.

Roll-Up principle for Intermediate Material

Filed Under: General

General Rules of Interpretation Rule6(GRI6)

2019-09-09 By Taichi Kawazoe

Rule 6 Subheading rule

For legal purposes, the classification of goods in the
subheadings of a heading shall be determined
according to the terms of those subheadings and any
related Subheading Notes and, mutatis mutandis, to
the above Rules, on the understanding that only
subheadings at the same level are comparable. For the
purposes of this Rule the relative Section and Chapter
Notes also apply, unless the context otherwise requires.

GRI 6 is the last of the GRIs. It prescribes that, for legal purposes, GRIs 1 to 5 govern,
mutatis mutandis (or with the necessary changes), classification at subheading levels
within the same heading. Or, in other words, GRIs 1 to 5 are to be reapplied to
determine the classification of goods at the subheading level. Goods are to be classified
at equal subheading levels (that is, at the same digit level) within the same heading
under the subheading that most specifically describes or identifies them (or as
otherwise required or directed under GRIs 1 to 5). Only subheadings at the same level
within the same heading are comparable (i.e., no consideration should be given to the
terms of any subheading within another subheading when considering the proper
classification of merchandise at the higher level subheading).

EXAMPLE 1: A framed glass mirror is found to be classified in heading
7009. Thereafter, it would have to be classified within the subheading
structure of that heading by application of GRIs 1 to 5 pursuant to GRI 6:

Initially, a determination would need to be made as to whether the framed
glass mirror is classified at the 5-digit (or “one-dash”) subheading level in
5-digit subheading 7009.1 (“rear-view mirrors for vehicles”) or in 5-digit
subheading 7009.9 (“other”). If the product is found to be classified in 5-
digit subheading 7009.1 (as a rear-view mirror for a vehicle), then the
classification analysis would end there and the product would be classified
in subheading 7009.10 (as 5-digit subheading 7009.1 is not further
subdivided). In the instant case, the framed glass mirror does not satisfy
the article description for 5-digit subheading 7009.1. Therefore, the
product would be classified at the 5-digit subheading level in 5-digit
subheading 7009.9 (as a glass mirror other than a rear-view mirror for a
vehicle). Next, a determination would have to be made as to whether the
product is classified at the 6-digit (or “two-dash”) subheading level within
5-digit subheading 7009.9 in 6-digit subheading 7009.91 (as an unframed
glass mirror other than a rear-view mirror for a vehicle) or in 6-digit
subheading 7009.92 (as a framed glass mirror other than a rear-view
mirror for a vehicle). The framed glass mirror would be classified in
subheading 7009.92 by application of GRI 1 pursuant to GRI 6.

EXAMPLE 2: A set consisting of a shovel, fork, and pick for use in
gardening would be classified in heading 8201 as each article is
specifically provided for in the terms to that heading. Within heading
8201, shovels are provided for in subheading 8201.10, forks in
subheading 8201.20, and picks in subheading 8201.30. Consequently,
one would need to resort to GRI 3 pursuant to GRI 6 in order to classify
the set at the subheading level within heading 8201. That is, one would
need to determine which of the three articles imparts the essential
character to the set pursuant to GRI 3 (b). If no one article is found to
impart the essential character to the set, then one would classify the set
under subheading 8201.30 because the subheading number for that
article occurs last in numerical order as provided for in GRI 3 (c).

As evident from the above discussion, the GRIs provide that goods must first be
classified by heading level, and only after the appropriate heading has been
determined, then by equal subheading levels (first by five-digit and then by six-digit
international levels) within that heading. When considering the appropriate
classification at a particular subheading level, no consideration should be given to any
of the terms of any lower-level subheading (as the analysis at each subheading level
should be conducted without consideration of the terms of any lower-level subheading
provision). This step-by-step analysis applies without exception throughout the
Harmonized System (and throughout any national subheading levels as found in a
particular country’s Harmonized System-based tariff system).

EXPLANATORY NOTE for RULE 6

(I) Rules 1 to 5 above govern, mutatis mutandis, classification at subheading
levels within the same heading.

(II)For the purposes of Rule 6, the following
expressions have the meanings hereby assigned to them :

(a) “subheadings at the same level” : one-dash subheadings (level 1) or
two-dash subheadings (level 2).

Thus, when considering the relative merits of two or more one-dash
subheadings within a single heading in the context of Rule 3 (a),
their specificity or kinship m relation to a given article is to be assessed
solely on the basis of the texts of the competing one-dash subheadings.
When the one-dash subheading that is most specific has been chosen
and when that subheading is itself subdivided, then, and only then,
shall the texts of the two-dash subheadings be taken into consideration
for determining which two-dash subheading should be selected.

(b)”unless the context otherwise requires” : except where Section or
Chapter Notes are incompatible with subheading texts or Subheading
Notes. This occurs, for example, in Chapter 71 where the scope assigned
to the term “platinum” in Chapter Note 4 (B) differs from that assigned to
“platinum” in Subheading Note 2. For the purpose of interpreting
subheadings ‘7110.11 and 7110.19, therefore, Subheading Note 2 applies
and Chapter Note 4 (B) is to be disregarded.

(III)The scope of a two-dash subheading shall not extend beyond that of the
one-dash subheading to which the two-dash subheading belongs; and the
scope of a one-dash subheading shall not extend beyond that of the heading
to which the one-dash subheading belongs.

Filed Under: GRI

General Rules of Interpretation Rule5(GRI5)

2019-09-09 By Taichi Kawazoe

Rule 5 Containers

IN ADDITION TO THE FOREGOING PROVISIONS, THE
FOLLOWING RULES SHALL APPLY IN RESPECT OF THE GOODS
REFERRED TO THEREIN:

GRI 5 has two sections: GRI 5 (a) and GRI 5 (b).
These two sections deal with various types of containers presented with
the articles for which they are intended.

Rule 5 (a) Special containers

(a) CAMERA CASES, MUSICAL INSTRUMENT CASES, GUN CASES,
DRAWING INSTRUMENT CASES, NECKLACE CASES AND SIMILAR
CONTAINERS, SPECIALLY SHAPED OR FITTED TO CONTAIN A
SPECIFIC ARTICLE OR SET OF ARTICLES, SUITABLE FOR LONGTERM
USE AND ENTERED WITH THE ARTICLES FOR WHICH THEY

ARE INTENDED, SHALL BE CLASSIFIED WITH SUCH ARTICLES
WHEN OF A KIND NORMALLY SOLD THEREWITH. THIS RULE DOES
NOT, HOWEVER, APPLY TO CONTAINERS WHICH GIVE THE WHOLE
ITS ESSENTIAL CHARACTER;

GRI 5 (a) deals with the treatment of long-term use cases, boxes, and similar containers
presented with the articles for which they are intended. Under this rule, long-term use
containers imported with articles for which they are intended to be used are to be
classified with the articles if they are of a kind of container normally sold with such
articles (e.g., camera cases with cameras and musical instrument cases with musical
instruments). This rule, however, does not apply to containers that give the imported
article its essential character (e.g., a silver tray or dish containing tea or a high-quality
ornamental ceramic bowl containing candies or sweets). Such merchandise is to be
classified under the heading for the container.

EXAMPLE1: Violin(HS9202) with case(4202)

Retrieved from: HARMONIZED COMMODITY DESCRIPTION and CODING SYSTEM or  HARMONIZED SYSTEM(HS)

Packing materials and packing containers entered with the
goods therein shall be classified with the goods if they are of
a kind normally used for packing such goods.

Violin with a case would be classified as Violin(HS9202) if the items
satisfie Rule 5(a).

 

EXAMPLE2:Gumball with toy packaging

Retrieved from: HS Classification by Japan customs

It seems that it satisfies Rule 5(a) but in this situation Gumball and toy packaging
should be classified separately because of Rule 5(a) states that,
THIS RULE DOES NOT, HOWEVER, APPLY TO CONTAINERS WHICH GIVE THE WHOLE
ITS ESSENTIAL CHARACTER;

Toy packaging gives the whole it’s an essential character.
Therefore Gumballs are classified HS1704
The toy packaging is classified HS9503 as Toy.

EXPLANATORY NOTE for RULE 5(a)

(I)This Rule shall be taken to cover only those containers which :

(1) are specially shaped or fitted to contain a specific article or set of
articles, i.e., they are designed specifically to accommodate the
article for which they are intended. Some containers are shaped in
the form of the article they contain;

(2) are suitable for long-term use, i.e., they are designed to have
durability comparable to that of the articles for which they are intended.
These containers also serve to protect the article when not in use
(during transport or storage, for example). These criteria enable them
to be distinguished from simple packings;

(3) are presented with the articles for which they are intended, whether
or not the articles are packed separately for convenience of transport.
Presented separately the containers are classified in their appropriate
headings;

(4) are of a kind normally sold with such articles; and

(5) do not give the whole its essential character.

(II)Examples of containers, presented with the articles for which they are intended,
which are tole classified by reference to this Rule are :

(1)Jewelry boxes and cases (heading 71.13);
(2)Electric shaver cases (heading 85.10);
(3)Binocular cases, telescope cases (heading 90.05);
(4)Musical instrument cases, boxes and bags (e.g., heading 92.02);
(5)Gun cases (e.g., heading 93.03).

(III) Examples of containers not covered by this Rule are containers such as a
silver caddy containing tea, or an ornamental ceramic bowl containing sweets.

 

Rule 5 (b) Packing materials & containers

(b) SUBJECT TO THE PROVISIONS OF RULE 5(a) ABOVE, PACKING
MATERIALS AND PACKING CONTAINERS ENTERED WITH THE
GOODS THEREIN SHALL BE CLASSIFIED WITH THE GOODS IF
THEY ARE OF A KIND NORMALLY USED FOR PACKING SUCH
GOODS. HOWEVER, THIS PROVISION IS NOT BINDING WHEN SUCH
PACKING MATERIALS OR PACKING CONTAINERS ARE CLEARLY
SUITABLE FOR REPETITIVE USE.

GRI 5 (b) states that packaging containers and materials not normally intended to be
reused are classified with the articles in which they are presented or imported (e.g.,
cardboard boxes or containers containing food products). This rule, however, does not
apply to packaging materials or packing containers clearly suitable for repetitive use
(e.g., certain metal drums or containers of iron or steel for compressed or liquefied gas).
Such containers are to be classified separately from the materials that they hold.

Example1: Men’s shirts individually sealed in a polybag then packed in cardboard boxes

Retrieved from: HARMONIZED COMMODITY DESCRIPTION and CODING SYSTEM or  HARMONIZED SYSTEM(HS)

In this situation, Men’s shirts with the cardboard box are entirely classified
as shirts.

 

EXAMPLE2: Gumball dispensing machine

Gumball dispensing machine (predominantly of zinc alloy) imported with gumballs.
It is designed to accept a coin and release a candy.

It seems that it satisfies Rule 5(b), but in this situation Gumball and dispensing machine
should be classified separately because of Rule 5(b) states that,
HOWEVER, THIS PROVISION IS NOT BINDING WHEN SUCH
PACKING MATERIALS OR PACKING CONTAINERS ARE CLEARLY
SUITABLE FOR REPETITIVE USE.

Dispensing machine is considered as a container which suitable for repetitive use.
Therefore Gumballs are classified HS1704
The dispenser is classified HS7907.

EXPLANATORY NOTE for RULE 5(b)

(IV) This Rule governs the classification of packing materials and packing containers
of a kind normally used for packing the goods to which they relate. However, this
provision is not binding when such packing materials or packing containers are clearly suitable for repetitive use, for example, certain metal drums or containers of iron or
steel for compressed or liquefied gas.

(V) This Rule is subject to Rule 5 (a) and, therefore, the classification of cases, boxes
and similar containers of the kind mentioned in Rule 5 (a) shall be determined by the application of that Rule.

Filed Under: GRI

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